Author: Kruse Electronics

Kruse Electronics AG is now an authorized distributor and design-in partner for Golledge throughout Switzerland and Europe.

As a global supplier of frequency control products, Golledge Electronics has been an industry leader for over 25 years. Every day, Golledge Electronics works with the world’s leading designers and manufacturers to create competitive RF products that are an integral part of their designs. Golledge Electronics’ broad product range includes all types of timing components including: Crystals, Oscillators, TCXOs, VCXOs, OCXOs, SAW and Crystal Filters, Duplexers and RTC 8real time clocks)Modules.

The products are used in a wide variety of areas in the electronics industry, such as telecommunications, satellites, microprocessors, aerospace, the automotive industry, instrumentation and medical applications.

ATGBIC’s core product range consists of optical network transceivers, direct attached and active optical cables and fiber optic cables.

To complement the core product range, ATGBICS offers a range of synergistic products, backed by the same level of in-house expertise and technical knowledge as our core range. Network equipment including network interface cards, media converters, patch panels, attenuators and memory upgrades for servers and routers.

To complement the core product range, ATGBICS offers a range of synergistic products, backed by the same level of in-house expertise and technical knowledge as our core range. Network equipment including network interface cards, media converters, patch panels, attenuators and memory upgrades for servers and routers.
Compatibility with 100+ vendors and 4,000 optical transceiver SKUs

“When our customers come to us, they get an incredibly unique hands-on experience where we offer support throughout the sales process. By working together towards a common goal, sharing our knowledge and working together effectively, we consistently deliver the same outstanding level of service that we have always been recognized for.”

Recently, Geehy’s APM32E103/APM32F072 series MCUs have successfully passed the IEC 60730 safety standard. It provides an IEC 60730 safety class B library to effectively ensure the safe operation of embedded home appliance control hardware and software while reducing the time and cost of the end-product certification process.

Via IEC 60730

Electronic applications often require MCUs to perform various self-tests to circumvent unexpected hardware failures during product operation, thus improving their reliability. Annex H of IEC 60730, issued by the International Electrotechnical Commission, regulates various technical measures for embedded control software and hardware of most consumer electrical equipment, which can effectively control random hardware failures and avoid potential risks due to systemic failures.

IEC 60730 functional safety design package

Introduction

The APM32E103 series MCU, powered by Arm® Cortex®-M3 core, is Geehy’s first upgraded E-series MCU based on the performance of APM32F103×E, with 120MHz high frequency, Flash 512KB, SRAM 128 KB and optimized multiple interfaces. Its expanded storage space meets users’ needs for more development applications.

Based on the ARM® Cortex®-M0+ core, the APM32F072 series MCU operates at a frequency of 48MHz, 128KB Flash and 16KB SRAM; supports full speed USB2.0 without external crystal; Built-in HDMI CEC allows efficient control of multiple types of CEC audio and video devices; The integrated TSC touch sensor controller can accurately identify touch input commands in different usage scenarios.

Complete functional safety ecosystem

After IEC 61508 industrial control functional safety certification and automotive electronics AEC-Q100 qualification, on September 20, Geehy passed ISO 26262 functional safety management system certification, which means it has a complete functional safety ecosystem has built and can provide users with stable, reliable, safe and controllable quality products and services!

As a supplier of high-performance analog chips, Chipanalog has always maintained the development of high-tech in this field, focusing on isolation, interface, high-performance analog and other product lines, constantly increasing its research and development, continuing to cultivate, and striving to break through technology Barriers, to provide the market with top-notch high-end analog chips.

Recently, Chipanalog CA-VR9025X series of high-precision voltage reference sources came into the market. This series of products can provide temperature drift as low as 1ppm/℃, 2.5V output, and the performance index can be called the world level.

The CA-VR9025X series high-precision voltage reference source adopts the innovative bandgap reference source circuit protected by patented technology, which perfectly compensates the second-order and high-order temperature characteristics caused by the Bipolar transistor theoretically, and achieves the industry’s first-class temperature stability, so as to meet high Applications in precision data acquisition, high-resolution data converters, high-precision measurement devices, industrial instruments, and automotive battery monitoring and management.

The figure below shows the measured data of the 2.5V voltage reference source of CA-VR9025X. The maximum temperature drift of the 6 test samples shown in the figure is 0.92ppm/°C at full temperature (-40 to 125°C).

CA-VR9025X series products have the following features:

1) Provide 2.5V voltage output;

2) Two accuracy specifications are available:

CA-VR9025A Temperature drift coefficient <1ppm/°C (temperature range 0 to 85°C);

CA-VR9025B temperature drift coefficient <3ppm/°C (temperature range -40 to 125°C);

3) The maximum input power supply voltage is 15V, and the minimum input voltage is VOUT+1V;

4) 0.1Hz-10Hz output noise is less than 10uVPP;

5) Excellent power supply suppression characteristics, the source regulation rate is less than 5ppm/V;

6) Excellent load regulation rate, the load regulation rate is less than 20ppm/mA;

7) Compatible with mainstream voltage reference package and pin definition, SOP8 package.

In the future, Chipanalog will further enrich the product categories of isolation, interface, high-performance analog, drive and power supply and other product lines, continue to develop core technologies, and promote the continuous improvement of corporate competitiveness.

Today, AC and DC fans are required to do more than just cool and control airflow in white-good applications. From refrigerators and freezers to convection ovens and range ducts, home appliance manufacturers need high-performance, energy-efficient fans and fan trays with variable speed, remote monitoring, low noise levels, and wider operating temperature ranges—all while reducing initial installation costs. AC fans, DC fans and blowers are now available with features that meet the demands of low noise, low power consumption, improved functionality and high reliability.

Smarter fans

Designs using fans with “smart” controls optimize fan performance while minimizing power consumption. Intelligent thermal controls can reduce power consumption by up to 30% while reducing noise levels as fans run at full speed only when needed. Smart fan control options can also include tachometer output, airflow monitor (as an additional accessory), locked rotor alarm, pulse width modulation (PWM) input and constant speed control. These intelligent control options allow end users to better monitor their product operating temperatures and fan airflow while ensuring fans are operating properly and under optimal conditions.

For example, the tachometer output provides designers with an accurate way to monitor and report the speed of a fan and indicate if the fan speed falls below a specified speed. This can be used as an alarm trigger or indicator by monitoring fan speed to determine relative temperature. Typically, the tachometer output option is available as either a 5V TTL signal or an “open collector” signal.

Airflow monitors provide a cost effective method of monitoring and maintaining proper airflow in AC and DC fan/blower applications. These modules can indicate airflow or lack thereof with a visual LED and/or an audible alarm when airflow drops below 8.2 ft/s due to fan filter clogs or fan blade interference. The airflow monitors clip or clamp to any grill, are field upgradeable, and can be installed perpendicular to the front or inlet side of the fan.

With a long service life of more than 100,000 cycles, airflow monitors are IP20 rated, NEMA 1 certified and have an operating temperature range of -20°C to 50°C. DC fans and fan trays can be equipped with locked rotor alarms that indicate whether a fan is running or stopped by transmitting a fail-high or fail-low output signal, thereby minimizing fan downtime and avoiding an overheating situation will. A PWM option also allows users to digitally control the speed of the fan via an existing bus system or PLC.

AC fans or fan trays with thermal speed control use a thermistor-controlled circuit that increases fan speed only when the temperature rises above a specified setpoint. This reduces overall power consumption by lowering the fan speed when the temperatures inside the chassis are below setpoint. Thermistor control circuitry can be mounted directly in the fan hub or remotely mounted via a connector cable and positioned anywhere in the housing, giving designers the flexibility to regulate fan speed based on ambient temperature within a specific range. The constant speed function detects a variable input voltage that causes fluctuations in the output power and keeps the fan at a constant speed regardless of input voltage fluctuations.

Decrease the volume

Low noise fans in refrigeration units, chillers and range hoods are used to perform various functions while reducing the noise typically present in older product designs. Quiet fans are often chosen for refrigeration and wine cooling applications to prevent condensation but do not contribute significantly to the audible noise level. Condensation can form on the inside of these units, forming not only on the glass but also inside the case itself. Using an internal IP55 rated fan creates just enough air movement to prevent condensation. The same situation exists in store refrigeration units. Available in both AC and DC configurations, the low noise fans are used in these applications to not only prevent condensation, but also to minimize noise levels and reduce power consumption.

Electronically commutated fans

Electronically commutated (EC) fans use a brushless DC motor with a single or universal AC input. EC fans feature voltage conversion within the motor to provide a two-speed, low-power fan. In addition, EC fans are programmable for even more energy savings. EC fans are well suited for large cooling units and chillers, providing an energy efficient cooling solution with low power consumption.

Toughest Environments

Components exposed to harsh environments including high heat are prone to failure over time, and fans are no exception. The classification of the insulation system is based on the lowest rated component in the system and in many cases can be the fan. The materials and parts specified in the design that affect the insulation class include the motor winding, the wire and the insulation of the wires, the enamel coating of the magnet wire, and the visible parts of the fan or fan tray such as the frame and impeller.

In white goods applications, AC and DC fans must be able to operate in extreme temperature ranges, from cold freezers to extremely hot convection ovens. Various materials and designs are available to achieve the performance and reliability required for a variety of applications.

A high temperature fan with a higher insulation class B or F construction will often eliminate or reduce premature failures caused by insufficient airflow in hot areas. AC fans are commonly used in high temperature applications such as oven control assemblies and forced air convection units. Class B insulation temperature is specified at 130°C while Class F insulation temperature is specified at 155°C. These maximum temperatures that the plastic and insulating materials are rated for include the normal temperature rise of the fan, so care must be taken not to exceed these ratings in these types of applications.

All-metal AC fans address size, performance, and compatibility issues in the most rugged white goods applications such as HVAC and commercial fryers. All-metal fans are resistant to high temperatures and corrosive compounds, which can allow longer life expectancy in harsher environments.

Customization and added value

Fan technology allows manufacturers to customize their fans, fan trays, and blowers to meet application needs. Whether it’s airflow, noise level, alarm output, IP rating/NEMA protection, or a specific function, fan manufacturers can meet the required specifications.

Not all fan manufacturers offer on-site connector, harness, and bracket assembly, which simplifies the fan installation process for white goods manufacturers. Fully assembled and tested fan trays offer white goods manufacturers additional benefits by lowering supply chain costs, reducing material lead times, reducing SKU counts, reducing parts inventory, simplifying installation, improving quality and lowering overall production costs. Not only does the tray offer a complete solution, it also reduces part numbers and inventory of refrigeration parts from ten to one. Tray manufacturers like Orion Fans also assemble, test and ship if required, further reducing long lead times.

Conclusion

With more features available than ever before, including higher temperature ranges, speed controls, and tachometer output signals, to name a few, home appliance manufacturers are using fans to provide enhanced functionality, maximize energy efficiency, and reduce end-unit costs.

The global semiconductor industry is expected to invest more than $500 billion in 84 high-volume chip manufacturing facilities beginning construction from 2021 to 2023, with segments such as automotive and high-performance computing driving spending increases, SEMI announced today in its latest quarterly World Fab Forecast -report known. Projected growth in global factory count includes a record high of 33 new semiconductor manufacturing plants beginning construction this year and 28 more in 2023.

“The latest update of the SEMI World Fab Forecast reflects the increasing strategic importance of semiconductors to countries and a wide range of industries worldwide,” said AjitManocha, President and CEO of SEMI. “The report underscores the significant impact of government incentives to expand manufacturing capacity and strengthen supply chains. Given the optimistic long-term outlook for the industry, increasing investment in semiconductor manufacturing is critical to laying the foundation for long-term growth, driven by a variety of new applications.”